Name: Node.js Web Development
Author: David Herron
ISBN: 9781788627368

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Node.js Web Development

David Herron

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Dedication
Packt Upsell
Why subscribe?
PacktPub.com
Contributors
About the author
About the reviewer
Packt is searching for authors like you
Preface
Who this book is for
What this book covers
To get the most out of this book
Download the example code files
Conventions used
Get in touch
Reviews
About Node.js
The capabilities of Node.js
Server-side JavaScript
Why should you use Node.js?
Popularity
JavaScript at all levels of the stack
Leveraging Google s investment in V8
Leaner, asynchronous, event-driven model
Microservice architecture
Node.js is stronger for having survived a major schism and hostile fork
Threaded versus event-driven architecture
Performance and utilization
Is Node.js a cancerous scalability disaster?
Server utilization, the business bottom line, and green web hosting
Embracing advances in the JavaScript language
Deploying ES2015/2016/2017/2018 JavaScript code
Node.js, the microservice architecture, and easily testable systems
Node.js and the Twelve-Factor app model
Summary
Setting up Node.js
System requirements
Installing Node.js using package managers
Installing on macOS with MacPorts
Installing on macOS with Homebrew
Installing on Linux, *BSD, or Windows from package management systems
Installing Node.js in the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)
Opening an administrator-privileged PowerShell on Windows
Installing the Node.js distribution from nodejs.org
Installing from source on POSIX-like systems
Installing prerequisites
Installing developer tools on macOS
Installing from source for all POSIX-like systems
Installing from source on Windows
Installing multiple Node.js instances with nvm
Installing nvm on Windows
Native code modules and node-gyp
Node.js versions policy and what to use
Editors and debuggers
Running and testing commands
Node.js s command-line tools
Running a simple script with Node.js
Conversion to async functions and the Promise paradigm
Launching a server with Node.js
NPM – the Node.js package manager
Node.js, ECMAScript 2015/2016/2017, and beyond
Using Babel to use experimental JavaScript features
Summary
Node.js Modules
Defining a module
CommonJS and ES2015 module formats
CommonJS/Node.js module format
ES6 module format
JSON modules
Supporting ES6 modules on older Node.js versions
Demonstrating module-level encapsulation
Finding and loading CommonJS and JSON modules using require
File modules
Modules baked into Node.js binary
Directories as modules
Module identifiers and pathnames
An example of application directory structure
Finding and loading ES6 modules using import
Hybrid CommonJS/Node.js/ES6 module scenarios
Dynamic imports with import()
The import.meta feature
npm - the Node.js package management system
The npm package format
Finding npm packages
Other npm commands
Installing an npm package
Installing a package by version number
Global package installs
Avoiding global module installation
Maintaining package dependencies with npm
Automatically updating package.json dependencies
Fixing bugs by updating package dependencies
Packages that install commands
Configuring the PATH variable to handle commands installed by modules
Configuring the PATH variable on Windows
Avoiding modifications to the PATH variable
Updating outdated packages you ve installed
Installing packages from outside the npm repository
Initializing a new npm package
Declaring Node.js version compatibility
Publishing an npm package
Explicitly specifying package dependency version numbers
The Yarn package management system
Summary
HTTP Servers and Clients
Sending and receiving events with EventEmitters
JavaScript classes and class inheritance
The EventEmitter Class
The EventEmitter theory
HTTP server applications
ES2015 multiline and template strings
HTTP Sniffer – listening to the HTTP conversation
Web application frameworks
Getting started with Express
Setting environment variables in Windows cmd.exe command line
Walking through the default Express application
The Express middleware
Middleware and request paths
Error handling
Calculating the Fibonacci sequence with an Express application
Computationally intensive code and the Node.js event loop
Algorithmic refactoring
Making HTTP Client requests
Calling a REST backend service from an Express application
Implementing a simple REST server with Express
Refactoring the Fibonacci application for REST
Some RESTful modules and frameworks
Summary
Your First Express Application
Promises, async functions, and Express router functions
Promises and error handling
Flattening our asynchronous code
Promises and generators birthed async functions
Express and the MVC paradigm
Creating the Notes application
Your first Notes model
Understanding ES-2015 class definitions
Filling out the in-memory Notes model
The Notes home page
Adding a new note – create
Viewing notes – read
Editing an existing note – update
Deleting notes – destroy
Theming your Express application
Scaling up – running multiple Notes instances
Summary
Implementing the Mobile-First Paradigm
Problem – the Notes app isn t mobile friendly
Mobile-first paradigm
Using Twitter Bootstrap on the Notes application
Setting it up
Adding Bootstrap to application templates
Alternative layout frameworks
Flexbox and CSS Grids
Mobile-first design for the Notes application
Laying the Bootstrap grid foundation
Responsive page structure for the Notes application
Using icon libraries and improving visual appeal
Responsive page header navigation bar
Improving the Notes list on the front page
Cleaning up the Note viewing experience
Cleaning up the add/edit note form
Cleaning up the delete-note window
Building a customized Bootstrap
Pre-built custom Bootstrap themes
Summary
Data Storage and Retrieval
Data storage and asynchronous code
Logging
Request logging with Morgan
Debugging messages
Capturing stdout and stderr
Uncaught exceptions
Unhandled Promise rejections
Using the ES6 module format
Rewriting app.js as an ES6 module
Rewriting bin/www as an ES6 module
Rewriting models code as ES6 modules
Rewriting router modules as ES6 modules
Storing notes in the filesystem
Dynamic import of ES6 modules
Running the Notes application with filesystem storage
Storing notes with the LevelUP data store
Storing notes in SQL with SQLite3
SQLite3 database schema
SQLite3 model code
Running Notes with SQLite3
Storing notes the ORM way with Sequelize
Sequelize model for the Notes application
Configuring a Sequelize database connection
Running the Notes application with Sequelize
Storing notes in MongoDB
MongoDB model for the Notes application
Running the Notes application with MongoDB
Summary
Multiuser Authentication the Microservice Way
Creating a user information microservice
User information model
A REST server for user information
Scripts to test and administer the user authentication server
Login support for the Notes application
Accessing the user authentication REST API
Login and logout routing functions
Login/logout changes to app.js
Login/logout changes in routes/index.mjs
Login/logout changes required in routes/notes.mjs
View template changes supporting login/logout
Running the Notes application with user authentication
Twitter login support for the Notes application
Registering an application with Twitter
Implementing TwitterStrategy
Securely keeping secrets and passwords
The Notes application stack
Summary
Dynamic Client/Server Interaction with Socket.IO
Introducing Socket.IO
Initializing Socket.IO with Express
Real-time updates on the Notes homepage
The Notes model as an EventEmitter class
Real-time changes in the Notes home page
Changing the homepage and layout templates
Running Notes with real-time homepage updates
Real-time action while viewing notes
Changing the note view template for real-time action
Running Notes with real-time updates while viewing a note
Inter-user chat and commenting for Notes
Data model for storing messages
Adding messages to the Notes router
Changing the note view template for messages
Using a Modal window to compose messages
Sending, displaying, and deleting messages
Running Notes and passing messages
Other applications of Modal windows
Summary
Deploying Node.js Applications
Notes application architecture and deployment considerations
Traditional Linux Node.js service deployment
Prerequisite – provisioning the databases
Installing Node.js on Ubuntu
Setting up Notes and user authentication on the server
Adjusting Twitter authentication to work on the server
Setting up PM2 to manage Node.js processes
Node.js microservice deployment with Docker
Installing Docker on your laptop
Starting Docker with Docker for Windows/macOS
Kicking the tires of Docker
Creating the AuthNet for the user authentication service
MySQL container for Docker
Initializing AuthNet
Script execution on Windows
Linking Docker containers
The db-userauth container
Dockerfile for the authentication service
Configuring the authentication service for Docker
Building and running the authentication service Docker container
Exploring Authnet
Creating FrontNet for the Notes application
MySQL container for the Notes application
Dockerizing the Notes application
Controlling the location of MySQL data volumes
Docker deployment of background services
Deploying to the cloud with Docker compose
Docker compose files
Running the Notes application with Docker compose
Deploying to cloud hosting with Docker compose
Summary
Unit Testing and Functional Testing
Assert – the basis of testing methodologies
Testing a Notes model
Mocha and Chai – the chosen test tools
Notes model test suite
Configuring and running tests
More tests for the Notes model
Testing database models
Using Docker to manage test infrastructure
Docker Compose to orchestrate test infrastructure
Executing tests under Docker Compose
MongoDB setup under Docker and testing Notes against MongoDB
Testing REST backend services
Automating test results reporting
Frontend headless browser testing with Puppeteer
Setting up Puppeteer
Improving testability in the Notes UI
Puppeteer test script for Notes
Running the login scenario
The Add Note scenario
Mitigating/preventing spurious test errors in Puppeteer scripts
Configuring timeouts
Tracing events on the Page and the Puppeteer instance
Inserting pauses
Avoiding WebSockets conflicts
Taking screenshots
Summary
Security
HTTPS/TLS/SSL using Let s Encrypt
Associating a domain name with Docker-based cloud hosting
A Docker container to manage Let s Encrypt SSL certificates
Cross-container mounting of Let s Encrypt directories to the notes container
Adding HTTPS support to Notes
Put on your Helmet for across-the-board security
Using Helmet to set the Content-Security-Policy header
Using Helmet to set the X-DNS-Prefetch-Control header
Using Helmet to set the X-Frame-Options header
Using Helmet to remove the X-Powered-By header
Improving HTTPS with Strict Transport Security
Mitigating XSS attacks with Helmet
Addressing Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) attacks
Denying SQL injection attacks
Sequelize deprecation warning regarding operator injection attack
Scanning for known vulnerabilities
Using good cookie practices
Summary
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Node.js Web Development